The Board of Appeal is responsible for appeals lodged against certain decisions of the Agency taken under its Regulation (EU) 2016/796 and the Safety and Interoperability Directives. In addition, the Board of Appeal deals with arbitration cases between the Agency and the national safety authorities.

The Board of Appeal is part of the administrative structure of the Agency, however, it issues its findings independently.

What are the roles and responsibilities of the Board of Appeal?

The Agency decisions against which an appeal may be introduced before the Board of Appeal are the following:

• Decisions on issuing, renewal, suspension, amendment, restriction and revocation of single safety certificates (Article 14 of Regulation 2016/796)
• Decisions on issuing authorisations for the placing on the market of railway vehicles, renewal, amendment, suspension and revocation of authorisations (Article 20 of Regulation 2016/796)
• Decisions on issuing authorisations for the placing on the market of vehicle types, renewal, amendment, suspension and revocation of authorisations issued by the Agency (Article 21 of Regulation 2016/796)
• Decisions on ERTMS trackside equipment technical solutions non-(fully) compliant with relevant Technical Specifications for Interoperability and non-fully interoperable (Article 22 of Regulation 2016/796)
• Failure to act on the part of the Agency, in relation to the above decisions within the prescribed time-limits (Article 58 of Regulation 2016/796).

After a decision is being taken by the Agency, the applicant may request for a review of the decision. If not satisfied, the applicant may still bring an appeal before the Board of Appeal.

In addition, the Board of Appeal could take arbitration decisions in the following cases:

• Before a safety certificate/vehicle authorisation is issued by the Agency, upon request in the event of a disagreement between the Agency and a national safety authority or authorities in case of a negative assessment, pursuant to Article 21(7) and Article 26(3) and (4) of Directive (EU) 2016/797 and also Article 10(7) and Article 17(5) and (6) of Directive (EU) 2016/798
• Before an authorisation is issued by the National Safety Authority, in case of risk of lack of technical and operational compatibility between the ERTMS trackside subsystem and vehicles fitted with ERTMS. With a view to avoid such risk, when the Agency becomes aware that a project design or specification was changed after the granting of the approval by the Agency, before an authorisation is issued by the national security authority, the parties involved cooperate. If no acceptable solution is found within one month since the initiation of the coordination process, the matter is referred to the BoA for arbitration (Article 30(2) of Regulation 2016/796)
• In cases where different applications requesting similar authorisations or single safety certificates are detected during the monitoring of applications submitted through the one-stop shop, by using the early-warning system, and if no mutually acceptable solution can be found within 1 month of the beginning of the coordination process with the relevant national safety authority in order to ensure consistency of decisions to be taken by national safety authorities and the Agency (Article 12(4)(b) of Regulation 2016/796).

Decisions taken on the basis of the findings of the Board of Appeal can be appealed before the General Court of the European Union. The summary of findings of the Board of Appeal are published online.

Who can lodge an appeal?

Any natural or legal person may appeal against a decision addressed to that person. Any natural or legal person may also appeal against a decision that is of direct and individual concern to them, even though the decision is addressed to another person.

Appeals have to be lodged within two months of the notification of the decision to the person concerned or failure to act. If the appellant is not the addressee of the decision, the appeal has to be lodged within two months of the day on which the decision became known to the appellant.

How do I lodge an appeal?

Any appeal should be submitted directly to the Registrar of the Board of Appeal.

For the convenience of the appellants an aid is provided when submitting an appeal. You can find the Appeal Form here.

The use of this appeal sample template is not compulsory. It is given indicatively to help when drafting an appeal.

If appellants do not wish to use it, they are strongly encouraged to include all appropriate information in their own appeal document.

You are also invited to read carefully the Guidelines to parties to Appeal Proceedings Before the Board of Appeal of the European Union Agency for Railways issued by the BoA. You can find them here.

Appeals and Arbitration requests are to be send by email

How much does it cost to lodge an appeal against an Agency’s decision?

An appeal fee would have to be paid if the findings of the Board of Appeal do not find the appeal admissible or well-founded and do not confirm the Agency’s decision.

What is the composition of the Board of Appeal?

The Board of Appeal consists of a Chairman and from two to five members.

The members of the Board of Appeal are appointed by the Management Board of the Agency, from a list of qualified experts drawn up by the Commission following an open and transparent selection procedure. They are appointed for 4 years.

Board of Appeal members

Name	Position
Marcel Verslype	Chair and member	Declaration of Interests - Marcel Verslype Declaration of Interests - Marcel Verslype
Joanna Marcinkowska	Member	Declaration of Interests - Joanna Marcinkowska Declaration of Interests - Joanna Marcinkowska
Andreas Thomasch	Member	Declaration of Interests - Andreas Thomasch Declaration of Interests - Andreas Thomasch
Gilles Dalmas	Alternate	Declaration of Interests - Gilles Dalmas Declaration of Interests - Gilles Dalmas
Patrizio Grillo	Alternate	Declaration of Interests - Patrizio Grillo Declaration of Interests - Patrizio Grillo
Kaisa Sainio	Alternate	Declaration of Interests - Kaisa Sainio Declaration of Interests - Kaisa Sainio

Board of Appeal Rules of Procedure

The workings of the Board of Appeal are managed in line with the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/867 of 13 June 2018 laying down the rules of procedure of the Board(s) of Appeal of the European Union Agency for Railways.