Report on Railway Safety and Interoperability in the EU 2026

This report is one of the visible results of the activities of the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) in monitoring safety levels and performance. It is also part of the Agency’s effort to provide to its stakeholders with a comprehensive overview of the development of railway safety and interoperability in the European Union (EU). In accordance with EU legislation, the report has been published biennially since 2006. 

Specifically, this publication is the fifth edition of the report on progress on safety and interoperability in the Single European Railway Area (SERA), a joint statutory report mandated by the recast ERA Regulation. It follows the two thematic reports that have been produced by ERA since 2006. 

Monitoring the safety and interoperability of the EU railway system is one of the key tasks of ERA. The Agency collects, processes and analyses different sets of data to support its recommendations on actions to be taken. In this way, ERA facilitates evidence-based policymaking at the EU level. By continuously monitoring and analysing the safety and interoperability performance of the EU railway system, the Agency provides assurance that the common goals are achieved.