Automatic Driving (AD)

AD.ENG-[2230.L12].1Before the driver can engage the ATO and while the ATO is in initialisation or configuration, the DMI displays the "ATO selected" icon. In this state, the ATO-OB has no responsibility for train movement.

ATO01: ATO state “ATO selected”

AD.ENG-[2230.L12].2When the ATO Engagement Conditions are fulfilled, the DMI displays the "ATO Ready for Engagement" button.

While in this pre-engagement state (called ATO Ready state), the ATO-OB is not yet responsible for train movement but is ready to control train operation as all technical and operational conditions for engagement are fulfilled. The ATO-OB waits for driver action to start automatic driving.

ATO01: ATO status “ATO ready for engagement”

AD.ENG-[2230.L12].3When the driver selects “ATO Engage”, if it is not already in AD mode, the ETCS-OB will change to AD mode if the ATO Operational Conditions remain fulfilled.

This button is used by the driver to request the start of automatic driving (departure of the train if the train is stopped or engagement on the move). If at stop, the ATO-OB considers the current Stopping Point as passed when the ATO-OB is engaged by the driver.

The driver is responsible to verify that it is safe to begin automatic driving before starting automatic driving (e.g. passengers exchange completed, no obstacles, etc…).

AD.ENG-[2230.L12].4If the TBL is in traction position when the driver engages the ATO and the TBL does not leave the traction position within 5 seconds, ETCS-OB shall produce a warning sound until the TBL is set to neutral position.

AD.ENG-[2230.L12].5When the train stops at a Stopping Point while the ATO-OB is engaged, the ATO-OB shall maintain the train stationary by requesting to the train the application of the Train Holding Brake until the departure, i.e. when the ATO-OB is engaged by the driver.

AD.ENG-[2230.L12].6The following conditions shall be fulfilled in order to be able to engage the ATO-OB:

1. Direction controller is in forward position (only applicable when the direction controller information is available);
2. While the train is stopped at a platform area, the MA shall be such that the train is able to leave the platform completely based on estimated rear end;
3. While the train is stopped outside a platform area, the MA allows the train to move (the minimum distance to allow proceeding is train specific);
4. When the ATO-OB is not engaged and the train is approaching a Stopping Point, the remaining distance is sufficient for the ATO-OB to stop the train (the minimum distance to stop the train is train specific);
5. Train doors are closed and locked (for passenger trains only);
6. The dwell time is elapsed (if any);
7. Train applicable conditions for operating ATO are fulfilled;
8. The TBL is not in brake position;
9. While the train is stopped the TBL is not in traction position.

AD.ENG-[2230.L12.V].1Whatever the DMI technology used, the ATO engage/disengage button(s) may also be positioned in an ergonomic location on the driver’s desk.

AD.RUN-[2230.L12].1While it is engaged, i.e. the DMI displays the AD mode symbol and the "ATO Engaged" indication, the ATO-OB is responsible for driving the train controlling brake and traction according to the computed ATO Operational Speed Profile. The ATO-OB shall not take into account the traction commands coming from the driver.

ATO03: ATO status “ATO engaged”

AD.RUN-[2230.L12.N].1Contrary to other modes, when the Time To Indication is displayed, the Sinfo sound shall not be played in AD mode.

AD.RUN-[2230.L12].3The ATO-OB drives the train so as not to reach the ETCS EBI intervention limit received from the ETCS-OB.

AD.RUN-[2230.L12].4When the train stops while the ATO-OB is engaged (situation in which the train is stationary but NOT at a Stopping Point), the ATO-OB shall maintain the train stationary until the MA allows the train to move .

The ATO-OB shall maintain the train stationary by requesting to the train the application of the Train Holding Brake.

AD.RUN-[2230.L12].5Any brake command from a Driver or an on-board safety system (ETCS-OB, Passenger Emergency Alarm) while the train is automatically driven will take precedence over an ATO command and automatically disengage the ATO-OB.

The ATO-OB does not command the Emergency Brake, only the ETCS-OB retains this functionality.

AD.RUN-[2230.L12].6While in Automatic Driving, the ATO-OB has no responsibility regarding the execution of ETCS track conditions or to check the vigilance of the Driver’s activity control. This is a responsibility of ETCS-OB, external systems or the driver.

AD.RUN-[2230.L12].7When the ETCS-OB is in release speed monitoring (e.g. approaching the EOA), the ATO-OB drives the train at a speed lower than or equal to the ETCS release speed received from the ETCS-OB.

AD.RUN-[2230.L12].8While the ATO Operational Conditions are fulfilled, the DMI displays the distances from the train to the Stopping Points or Stopping Points to be skipped with the symbol along the scale of the planning information ; the bottom of the symbol is positioned at the distance from the current train front position. The DMI also displays the name and the estimated arrival time in Local Time at the next Stopping Point or Stopping Point to be skipped in area G.

Once a Stopping Point (including a Stopping Point to be skipped) is considered as reached or passed, the DMI no longer displays the Stopping Point distance, name and estimated arrival time for that Stopping Point.

AD.RUN-[2230.L12].9While it is engaged, the ATO-OB shall not take into account the traction commands coming from the driver. In consequence, if the driver commands traction manually via the TBL while the train is automatically driven, the ATO-OB shall remain engaged. If the TBL is moved to traction position while the ATO-OB is engaged in Automatic Driving, a warning sound is produced until the TBL is set to neutral position.

AD.RUN-[2230.L12].10ATO-OB shall terminate the communication session with a given ATO-TS when the End of Journey is reached.

AD.RUN-[2230.L12].12The following mode transitions can be triggered from AD mode:

1. NP mode. Transition triggered when the ETCS on-board is powered off, see section OFF.PWR Power off the ETCS on-board (PWR).
2. SB mode. Transition triggered when the desk is closed, see section OFF.CLS Close the desk (CLS).
3. SH mode. Transition initiated either manually by the Driver, see section SH.MAN Manual entry into SH (MAN), or automatically by an order from the Trackside, see section SH.AUT Automatic entry into SH (AUT).
4. LS mode. Transition automatically initiated by an order from the Trackside, see section LS.APP Approaching an LS area (APP).
5. SR mode. Transition manually initiated by the Driver when override, see section OVR.RUL Rules to pass an EOA (RUL).
6. OS mode. Transition automatically initiated by an order from the Trackside, see section OS.APP Approaching an OS area (APP).
7. NL mode. Transition manually initiated by the Driver (see section NL - Non-Leading (NL).
8. UN mode. Transition usually initiated by an order from the Trackside, see section UN - Unfitted (UN). This transition also includes a transition to level 0 initiated either manually by the Driver, see section LTR.TRS.DRV Level transition initiated by driver (DRV) or ordered by the Trackside, see section LTR.TRS Level transitions (TRS).
9. SF mode. Automatic transition triggered in case of a fault, see section SF - System Failure (SF).
10. IS mode. Transition triggered when the driver isolates the ETCS on-board equipment, see section IS.ENT Entering Isolation mode (ENT).
11. SN mode. Transition usually initiated by an order from the Trackside, see section SN - National System (SN). This transition also includes a transition to level NTC either initiated manually by the Driver, see section LTR.TRS.DRV Level transition initiated by driver (DRV) or ordered by the Trackside, see section LTR.TRS Level transitions (TRS).
12. RV mode. Transition initiated after the driver´s acknowledgement of the RV mode as indicated in section RV - Reversing (RV).
13. SM mode. Transition initiated manually by the Driver, see section SM.ENT Entry into SM (ENT).
14. FS mode. Transition happening due to a manual ATO disengagement by the driver or a loss of ATO Operational Conditions as indicated in AD.DIS Disengaging the Automatic Driving (DIS). It can also happen following the setting of the ATO Selector to stand-by by the driver as indicated in section OTH.ATO Automatic Train Operation selector (ATO). Finally, it can be when approaching an unprotected level crossing or due to the track description no longer covering the whole length of the train.

AD.RUN-[2230.L2].1If, while being in release speed monitoring, the on-board receives a balise group whose first possible location is known by linking information to be in rear of the EOA by a distance shorter than the distance between the active Eurobalise antenna and the front end of the train, at the EOA or in advance of the EOA and ERTMS/ETCS level is 2, the train changes to Trip mode, see section TR - Trip / Post Trip (TR).

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].1While the train is Automatic Driving mode, the ATO-OB automatically disengages when it stops the train at a Stopping Point considered as reached independently of whether the ATO-OB has stopped the train within the stopping window or not. It is therefore a manual operation, by the driver, to align the train or to take other actions, if necessary, depending on local procedures.

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].2Any brake command from a Driver or an on-board safety system (e.g. ETCS-OB, Passenger Emergency Alarm) while the train is automatically driven will take precedence over an ATO command and automatically disengage the ATO-OB.

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].3The ETCS-OB will change from AD mode to the applicable ETCS Mode according to the ETCS mode transition conditions.

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].4The ATO-OB automatically disengages if any of the ATO Operational Conditions but the ETCS related ones is lost while the ATO is Engaged.

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].5During the first 5 seconds after the ATO-OB has disengaged, the ATO-OB shall continue to follow the last computed ATO Operational Speed Profile with the limitation of not requesting traction.

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].6If the ATO-OB or the driver are able to recover the ATO Operational Conditions within the first 5 seconds after the ATO-OB disengages, the ATO-OB shall be automatically re-engaged.

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].7When disengaging due to loss of ATO Operational Conditions, the DMI displays the “ATO Disengaging” icon and the ETCS-OB produces a warning sound.

ATO04: ATO state “ATO disengaging”

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].8If the ATO Operational Conditions are not recovered (e.g. the driver does not react) within the first 5 seconds after the ATO-OB has disengaged, the ATO-OB shall apply the Full Service Brake (if it is not already applied).

If the driver brakes using the TBL or selects “ATO Disengage” at any time while the ATO-OB is braking, the ATO-OB releases its Service Brake command and the DMI displays the "ATO selected" icon.

When the train is stopped, DMI displays the "ATO selected" icon and the ETCS-OB leaves AD mode.

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].9It the ETCS-OB leaves the AD or FS mode, or the train is no longer completely covered by the track description ("Entering FS" is displayed on the DMI), the ATO loses its Operational Conditions and the DMI displays "ATO selected".

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].10In the case a Routing Error is detected, i.e. an inconsistency between ATO and ETCS linking information, the ATO-OB shall lose the ATO Operational Conditions. This means that the ATO will disengage and the driver must resume manual driving.

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].11If the driver manually brakes using the TBL, the ATO-OB stops automatic driving and the DMI starts displaying the "ATO ready for engagement” icon. The driver can continue driving manually until the driver decides to start automatic driving again by setting the TBL in neutral or traction position and selecting “ATO Engage”.

AD.DIS-[2230.L12].12The ATO is automatically disengaged when the DMI starts to indicate to the driver that an unprotected LX is being approachedas indicated in section LX - Level Crossing (LX). The driver must then resume manual driving.

AD.DIS-[2230.L12.V].1Whatever the DMI technology used, the ATO engage/disengage button(s) may also be positioned in an ergonomic location on the driver’s desk.

AD.SKP-[2230.L12].1The "Skip stopping point" button is available while the ATO is active (i.e. the DMI is displaying either the "ATO selected" () , "ATO ready for engagement" () , "ATO engaged" () or "ATO disengaging" () icon) and the DMI is displaying the “Skip Stopping Point Inactive” () indication.

AD.SKP-[2230.L12].2Once the driver has requested to skip the next Stopping Point, the ATO-OB considers that Stopping Point as a Stopping Point to be skipped until one of the following conditions is met:

1. The concerned Stopping Point is passed;
2. The driver revokes his/her own Stopping Point skip request (the indication reverts to "Skip Stopping point Inactive" (), i.e. icon is no longer filled);
3. Further to an update from the ATO-TS, the concerned Stopping Point is no longer the next stopping point;
4. Further to an update from the ATO-TS, the concerned Stopping Point is requested to be skipped by the ATO-TS.

AD.SKP-[2230.L12].3As long as the Stopping Point skip request by driver is stored, the driver may request a Stopping Point skip to be revoked after previously requesting to skip it by pressing the "Stopping Point Revocation" indication while the “Skip Stopping Point requested by the driver” indication is displayed.

AD.SKP-[2230.L12].5If the Stopping Point skip is revoked by the ATO-TS, the DMI indication reverts to "Skip Stopping Point Inactive".

AD.SKP-[2230.L12.V].1Whatever the DMI technology used, the Skip Stopping Point request/revoke button(s) may also be positioned in an ergonomic location on the driver’s desk.

AD.DWL-[2230.L12].2Before a Stopping Point is considered as reached, the DMI displays a null distance in case its Stopping Point distance becomes negative (e.g. in case of overshoot). Once reached (i.e. the train stops) the DMI no longer displays the Stopping Point, distance, name and estimated arrival time for that Stopping Point.

AD.DWL-[2230.L12].3Once the dwell time is expired, the displayed remaining dwell time shall remain at zero.

AD.DWL-[2230.L12].4While the train is stopped at a Stopping Point within the stopping window, the ATO-TS or the Control Centre may send a Train Hold command (via Update from the ATO-TS) at a Stopping Point for operational reasons for one or several trains. When Train Hold is requested, the Train Hold icon is displayed on the DMI as indicated above.

AD.DWL-[2230.L12].5If there is any remaining dwell time or the dwell time is set to hold, the DMI stops displaying the stopping accuracy indication and the dwell time/“Train Hold” indication once the train starts moving at a speed greater than 10km/h. This is to avoid a reset of the dwell time if the driver is, e.g. jogging to adjust the stopping position of the train.

AD.TDO-[2230.L12].1The Train Door Operation (TDO) is an ATO function that provides the opening and closing commands/information of train doors for passenger exchange.

AD.TDO-[2230.L12].2If the ATO-TS requests the ATO-OB to manage the doors opening, the doors opening process may allow the following alternatives depending on static train configuration:

1. Manual door opening and closing commands executed by the driver following the displayed information;
2. Automatic door opening and closing commands sent by the ATO-OB to the train in accordance with the information contained in the information sent by the ATO-TS.

AD.TDO-[2230.L12].3When the start condition is triggered for any door indication, the corresponding indication immediately replaces any previously displayed door indication on the DMI.

AD.TDO-[2230.L12].4The driver’s door commands shall always override the ATO door commands. A train shall always be provided with door release controls which allow the train crew or an automatic device associated with the stop at a platform, to control the release of doors separately on each side. This allows them to be opened by passengers or, if available, by a central opening command when the train is at a standstill.